The Great Salt Lake contains two distinct pink-colored bays—one at Stansbury Island and another near the Spiral Jetty—created by halophilic bacteria that thrive in highly saline environments. While the phenomenon attracts visitors seeking unique landscapes, officials warn that accessing these areas requires navigating unpaved roads and adhering to specific park regulations and fire restrictions.
The Science of Pink Water
The distinctive rosy hue of the water is a biological phenomenon rather than a geological one. According to the Utah Geological Survey, the pink coloration is caused by halophilic bacteria and microorganisms that flourish in environments with highly concentrated salt levels. These specific areas, located west of Stansbury Island and north of the railway causeway, remain isolated from the rest of the Great Salt Lake. Because they lack the influx of freshwater from the Weber, Jordan, Bear, and Ogden Rivers that dilutes the main lake, salt concentrations increase through evaporation, creating prime conditions for these pink bacteria to grow.
Navigating Stansbury Island
The first of these pink lakes is located at Stansbury Island, situated approximately 40 miles west of Salt Lake City on the southwestern shore of the lake. Accessing the island involves a drive that begins with 4 miles of paved road, transitioning into 9 miles of dirt and gravel. While the road is described as well-graded and does not strictly require a 4WD high-clearance vehicle, it is characterized as a washboard road, requiring drivers to proceed slowly. Travelers should note that much of the land surrounding the main road is private property, though the road itself remains public.
The Northern Pink Bay
The second pink-water location is situated on the northern side of the lake near Promontory Point. This area is marked by the Great Salt Lake railway causeway, which cuts through the northern portion of the lake. The entire bay north of the railroad is filled with pink water, while the portion south of the railroad contains normal lake water. This location is notable for its proximity to the Spiral Jetty, a famous land art installation.
The Spiral Jetty Legacy
The Spiral Jetty, located at Rozel Point on the northeastern shore, is a 1,500-foot-long earthwork created by artist Robert Smithson in 1970. The sculpture consists of a 15-foot-wide coil made from approximately 6,000 to 6,500 tons of black basalt rocks, limestone, and mud. Smithson chose the site specifically for its unusual ecological properties, including the reddish coloration of the water caused by high microbe presence. The spiral shape was designed to allude to the molecular lattice of salt-crystal deposits found throughout the lake.
Fluctuating Water Levels
Water levels in the Great Salt Lake fluctuate significantly, impacting the visibility and accessibility of landmarks. According to the U.S. Geological Survey, the water surface elevation at the Saltair Boat Harbor was recorded at 4190.6 feet on July 31, 2026. The Dia Art Foundation, which serves as the steward for the Spiral Jetty, noted that the sculpture has remained visible since 2002 due to local droughts. Currently, the lake is almost one mile away from the artwork. Visitors to the Spiral Jetty should be mindful that low water levels have increased the natural presence of tar around the shoreline.
Recreational Safety and Tips
Recreational safety and preparation are critical for those visiting the pink lakes. While the high salt concentration makes the water highly buoyant, allowing for weightless floating, visitors are advised to avoid getting saltwater in their eyes or mouth. Because there is no natural shade at Stansbury Island Beach, summer visitors should bring shade tents and sunscreen. Additionally, the bottom of the lake can be sharp, making waterproof sandals a recommended choice for wading. Travelers should also pack sufficient food and drinking water, as there are no concessions or fresh water available on Stansbury Island.
Park Rules and Restrictions
State park regulations remain in effect to protect the environment. The Great Salt Lake State Park and Antelope Island State Park are both under Stage 2 Fire Restrictions, which prohibit all open fires, including those in established fire pits, charcoal grills, and pellet grills. Only properly shielded gas or liquid-fueled portable camp stoves with a shut-off valve are permitted, provided they are used in an area at least three feet in diameter that is barren of flammable vegetation. Additionally, drone use within the state park requires a $1.00 permit, available at the Visitor Center or Entrance Station.
