Researchers at Utah State University have released new guidance on prompt engineering principles intended to help Extension professionals leverage generative AI and large language models to enhance program delivery and research dissemination. This development follows earlier studies conducted in 2024 regarding the efficacy of community-based artificial intelligence training in Washington County, Utah.
Mastering Prompt Engineering
The new research, published on Sept. 3, 2026, in the Journal of Extension, addresses the rapid increase in the prevalence of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) and large language models (LLMs). According to authors Paul A. Hill, Lendel K. Narine, and Aubree L. Miller, both of Utah State University, mastering prompt engineering is essential for Extension professionals to harness these technologies effectively.
Enhancing Extension Services
Prompt engineering is defined in the study as the process of crafting specific prompts to elicit desired responses from large language models. The researchers noted that when applied within Extension services, these skills have the potential to enhance various programs, deliver more personalized advice to constituents, engage diverse audiences, and assist in the dissemination of research-based information.
Addressing 21st Century Challenges
The study suggests that by learning these specialized skills, Extension professionals can better address complex challenges characteristic of the 21st century. The integration of GenAI through effective prompting allows for more sophisticated interactions with large language models, helping professionals manage the increasing complexity of digital communication and information management.
Foundational AI Training Research
The current focus on professional prompt engineering follows a foundational study published on March 15, 2024, regarding community education in Washington County. That earlier research, conducted by Paul A. Hill and Lendel K. Narine of Utah State University alongside Jordan L. Rushton of Dixie Technical College and Clint J. Reid, focused on the AI Training Series.
Washington County Initiatives
The AI Training Series was identified as Washington County's first community education offering specifically regarding generative AI. The program aimed to provide community members with an overview of the capabilities and advantages of generative AI to assist them in making informed decisions about adopting the technology.
Evaluating Training Outcomes
In evaluating the effectiveness of the Washington County training, Utah State University Extension partnered with Dixie Technical College and the software company Zonos. The evaluation sought to measure the effectiveness of the learning experience based on anticipated outcomes.
Barriers to Adoption
While the 2024 research found the training was effective for disseminating information and advancing knowledge about generative AI, it also revealed significant hurdles for the workforce. The study noted that students' intentions to adopt AI were lower than expected, primarily due to perceived barriers regarding how to use the technology effectively within their specific work environments.
