In a weekly series aimed at helping parents navigate mental health challenges in middle school, Shoreline school psychologist Mrs. Rollins is exploring various evidence-based therapy practices. The third part of this seven-part summer edition focuses on Dialectical Behavior Therapy, or DBT.
Defining DBT and its uses
DBT is a type of talk therapy adapted from Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). It is specifically utilized for individuals who experience emotions very intensely and can be used to treat conditions such as anxiety, depression, eating disorders, self-harm, and suicidal behavior.
Core concepts of the therapy
A fundamental concept of DBT is the idea that two opposing thoughts can both be true, such as accepting one's current self while simultaneously striving for growth. The practice also emphasizes validation, where a therapist validates that a client's actions make sense based on their personal experiences and situation, even if they do not agree those actions were the best solution.
The four skill modules
The therapy teaches four specific modules of skills:
Mindfulness, which involves focusing on the present moment without judgment.
Emotion Regulation, which focuses on recognizing, naming, and managing emotions.
Interpersonal Effectiveness, which helps individuals build healthy relationships through improved communication and conflict navigation.
Distress Tolerance, which teaches accepting what cannot be controlled and using coping strategies like breathing exercises.
Session structure and long-term goals
DBT sessions typically occur once a week or every other week, lasting between 45 to 60 minutes in either individual or group settings. While early sessions prioritize reducing self-harming or suicidal behaviors, later sessions focus on improving quality of life by replacing unhelpful behaviors with those that support personal goals.
Importance of practicing skills
Practicing these skills outside of formal sessions is considered essential for success.
